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for CDs, it is the manufacturing of the CD based on the supplied master CD from the client. There is no recordable layer in manufactured CDs as in recordable CDs.
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Basic Chinese Pinyin Rules by
* Make sure you set your browser encoding correctly to read Chinese words in this article. Chinese Simplified GB2312 is recommended. Please find detail instruction from this page: http://www.learn-chinese-language-online.com/read-chinese-online.htmlTalking about Chinese Pinyin rules, let's start by looking at the following different scenarios:1. Tone Mark PlacementThe tone mark is placed over the vowel if there is only one vowel, e.g. wo, or on the main vowel of a syllable where they are two or three vowels, e.g. hao.1.1 Syllable with one vowel letter, tone mark is always placed over the vowel letter. For examples: b ( pen ) , q shn ( mountain )f ch ( car ), xn ( letter )1.2 Syllables with two or three vowel letters: If the first vowel letter is a medial , e.g. "i", "u", or " ", the tone mark is placed over the vowel letter after the medial.For example:f xu ( study ) , 5 gu ( expensive) xiao ( small ) , e l ( strategy)1.3 If the first vowel letter is not a medial, the tone mark is always placed on the first vowel letter.For example:` ko ( rely ) , yo ( ask )} ho ( good ) , bi ( north )2. Syllables With an InitialWrite down the initial and then the final with no space between them.For example:k ( guest ) , L zhuM ( desk ) mng ( busy ) , fi ( fly )Exceptions:If and only if "uo" follows "b", "p", "m", or "f", "u" is dropped, resulting in "bo", "po", "mo", or "fo". If and only if "" follows "j", "q", "x", is changed to "u", resulting in "ju", "qu" and "xu"3. Syllables Without an Initial3.1 Syllables starting with "a", "o" or "e", just write down the final.For example: n ( safe ), % Mu ( seagull ) i en i ( favor ), ng ( raise )3.2 Syllables starting with "i", replace "i" with "y". For example:% yn ( strict ), _ y ( too )Exceptions:For the single vowel "i", and the nasals "in" and "ing", "y" is added before "i", resulting in "yi", "yin", and "ying";Spell "you" for "iu", yu ( have )3.3 Syllables starting with "u", replace "u" with "w".For example: wn ( finish ), wi ( outside ) wng ( king ), Q wng ( net )Exceptions:For the single vowel "u", "w" is added before "u", resulting in "wu";Spell "wen" for "un";Spell "wei" for "ui".3.4 Syllables starting with "", replace "" with "yu".For example: y ( rain ), U yn ( pregnant )yun ( circle ), yu ( appointment )4. R-endingThe "er" (?) sound can follow finals to form retroflection, add "r" at the end of the syllable in this case.For example:i? xio hi er ( little kids )? y din er ( rain drops )? sh zh+ er ( tree branch )Again, it is good to know these rules to understand how to spell a character from Pinyin, but don't be intimidated by these Pinyin rules.The more you practice, the more you will feel comfortable when speaking Chinese. You will eventually learn these rules without even realizing they exist, like most Chinese people do..
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